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oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/4852015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
SENEGAL'S FOREIGN POLICY: CHALLENGES OF DEMOCRATIZATION AND MARGINALIZATION
SCHRAEDER, PETER J
Articles
The analysis demonstrates that classic dependency, Cold War, and personal rule-oriented explanations of Senegalese foreign policy constitute at best, exaggerations, and at worst, mere caricatures of more complex and dynamic foreign policy processes. Even during the Cold War era, Senegal's foreign policy could not be explained by mere reference to the foreign policy actions of the superpowers, or by the personal beliefs of the first two Senegalese presidents, Léopold Sédar Senghor (1960–80) and Abdou Diouf (1981-present). Other, often neglected or downplayed factors, such as religion, regional interests, and traditional culture must be examined if one wishes to achieve a more complex, nuanced, and valid understanding of Senegalese foreign policy. One can moreover argue that these and other factors are even more salient in a post-Cold War era in which Senegalese policy makers are confronted with the twin challenges of responding to rising popular demands for the further democratization of the Senegalese political system, and to the dilemma of growing marginalization within an increasingly competitive international system.
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
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http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/485
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007881
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/5092015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
DISARMING SOMALIA: THE CONTRASTING FORTUNES OF UNITED STATES AND AUSTRALIAN PEACEKEEPERS DURING UNITED NATIONS INTERVENTION, 1992-1993
PATMAN, ROBERT G
Articles
This article examines the impact of ‘micro disarmament’ during the United States/United Nations humanitarian intervention in Somalia, 1992–93. To this end, it considers the controversial nature of the UNITAF mandate, the disarmament experiences of American and Australian peacekeepers in Mogadishu and Baidoa and the lessons yielded from a comparative analysis. The argument that emerges is that the absence of a consistent strategy linking disarmament and political reconciliation, not peace enforcement <it>per se</it>, largely condemned the UN operation to failure. If the US had positioned itself, like the Australians in Baidoa, above the warlords instead of between them, the picture for UN intervention in Somalia may have looked quite different. The integrated Australian approach revealed that the international community, confronted with other Somalias, may yet have a wider choice than impotence or muscular peace-enforcement.
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/509
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007882
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/5352015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
RECONSTRUCTING CIVIL-MILITARY RELATIONS AND THE COLLAPSE OF DEMOCRACY IN GHANA, 1979-81
HUTCHFUL, EBOE
Articles
This article attempts to contribute to an understanding of the challenges involved in trying to bring military and security agencies under constitutional rule in new democracies by analysing the case of the Limann regime and the failed democratic transition in Ghana in 1979–81. In the aftermath of democratization in 1979 the civilian government made aggressive (and not always diplomatic) efforts to bring the armed forces under its control. In this instance both the civil government and the military command were threatened by the possibility of a coup from below and were anxious to prevent it. The analysis tries to answer the question of why the government and the military command failed to make common cause, examining first the conflict between civilian officials and the military high command over jurisdictional and other issues, and then between the security agencies themselves that provided the opening for the overthrow once again of democracy. The coup itself was the result of the double crisis of civil and military authority. The institutional arrangements through which civil command has been exercised are examined; it is argued that civil control of the military in independent Ghana has historically been a myth, and that the existence of a civilian regime does not necessarily suggest <it>civil control</it> of the military.
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/535
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007883
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/5612015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
'ONE CHIEF, ONE VOTE': THE REVIVAL OF TRADITIONAL AUTHORITIES IN POST-APARTHEID SOUTH AFRICA
VAN KESSEL, INEKE
OOMEN, BARBARA
Articles
During the apartheid era, chiefs were maligned as puppets of bantustan rule. In ANC-related circles, it was widely assumed that chieftaincy would not survive in the post apartheid era. But the institution of traditional leadership has proved highly flexible. Rather than being phased out as relics of pre-modem times, chiefs are re-asserting themselves in the new South Africa. Chiefs have survived throughout this century with a strategy of shifting alliances. Towards the end of the 1980s, chiefs were re-orienting themselves towards the ANC, rightly perceived as the new ruling party-in-waiting. Combining the resources of tradition with a discourse of liberation politics and development, they were able to explain constitutional and other legal guarantees for the position of traditional leaders and their representations in the local, provincial and national administration. For its part, the ANC had an interest in wooing chiefs to its side in order to prevent the emergence of a conservative alliance where traditional leaders could join forces with the bantustan elites. The article analyses these developments, discusses the main themes of debate and concludes with a briefcase study of chieftaincy issues in the Northern Transvaal.
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/561
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007884
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/5872015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
FORCED MIGRATION, LAND-USE CHANGE AND POLITICAL ECONOMY IN THE FOREST REGION OF GUINEA
BLACK, RICHARD
SESSAY, MOHAMED
Articles
This paper examines the impact of forced migration on land use change in Yomou prefecture in the forest region of Guinea from a broadly ‘political economy’ perspective. Focusing on the period since 1989, when over 500,000 refugees from Liberia and Sierra Leone have been present in the region, it considers the extent and mechanisms through which refugees have gained access to land in three study villages, and seeks explanations for the pattern of land use change that has occurred. This is seen as reflecting both the evolution of the agricultural economy of the region, and socio-political change in local communities. Implications for both environmental change, and the livelihoods of refugees and local communities are considered.
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/587
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007885
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6072015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
REVIEW ARTICLE: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND AFRICA
CROFT, STUART
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/607
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007886
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6172015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
Industrialisation and the British Colonial State: West Africa 1939-1951
RIMMER, DOUGLAS
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/617
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007887
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6182015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
Foreign Aid, Self-Reliance, and Economic Development in West Africa
RIMMER, DOUGLAS
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/618
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007888
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6192015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
Drink, Power and Cultural Change: A social history of alcohol in Ghana, c.1800 to recent times
NUGENT, PAUL
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/619
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007889
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6202015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
Imperialism, Academe and Nationalism: Britain and university education for Africans 1860-1960
LENEY, KATYA
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/620
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007890
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6222015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
The New Struggle for Democracy in Africa
VAN DONGE, JAN KEES
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/622
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007891
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6232015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
Norms in International Relations: The struggle against apartheid
YORKE, EDMUND
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/623
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007892
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6252015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
Violence in Southern Africa
HENDERSON, WILLIE
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/625
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007893
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6272015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
In pursuit of History: Fieldwork in Africa
LAW, ROBIN
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/627
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007894
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6282015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
Writings on African Archives
KIRK-GREENE, A. H. M.
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/628
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007895
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6292015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
The Lie of the Land: Challenging received wisdom on the African environment
KENWORTHY, JOAN M.
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/629
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007896
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6302015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
African Experiences of Cinema
ARMOUR, CHARLES
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/630
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007897
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6322015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
The Post-Colonial Literature of Lusophone Africa
WILLIS, CLIVE
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/632
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007898
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6332015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
The Gelede Spectacle: Art, gender and social harmony in an African Culture
DE AQUILAR, LAUREL BIRCH
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/633
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007899
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6352015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BARRINGER, T A
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/635
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007900
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6392015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
A SELECT OF ARTICLES ON AFRICA APPEARING IN NON-AFRICANIST PERIODICALS
TOWNSEND, R J
Books
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/639
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007901
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society
oai:open-archive.highwire.org:afrafj:96/385/6452015-05-11HighWireOUPafrafj:96:385
Index
Index
Oxford University Press
1997-10-01 00:00:00.0
TEXT
text/html
http://afraf.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/short/96/385/645
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a007902
en
Copyright (C) 1997, Royal African Society